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doi:  10.12013/qxyjzyj2018-010
2017年11月7—8日南昌市一次重度污染天气过程分析

Analysis on a Heavy Air Pollution Process in Nanchang during Nov 7-8, 2017
摘要点击 428  全文点击 324  投稿时间:2017-12-22  修订日期:2018-02-20
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基金:  江西省气象局2014年重点项目“南昌市灰霾天气与肺癌发病率关系及预报服务研究”;江西省气象局2015年青年人才项目“基于欧洲中心细网格的江西大雾预报方法研究”.
中文关键词:  重度污染天气,空气质量指数,气象要素,HYSPLIT
英文关键词:  heavy air pollution  AQI  meteorological factors  HYSPLIT
     
作者中文名作者英文名单位
陈翔翔Chen Xiangxiang江西省气象台
胡磊Hu Lei江西省农业气象试验站,江西省气象局
引用:陈翔翔,胡磊.2018,2017年11月7—8日南昌市一次重度污染天气过程分析[J].气象与减灾研究,41(1):69-76
中文摘要:
      利用地面常规观测资料、探空资料和大气污染物监测数据等资料,对2017年11月7—8日南昌市一次重度污染天气过程的大气污染物特征、天气形势及气象要素特点等进行了分析,并运用拉格朗日混合单粒子轨道模型(HYSPLIT)分析了大气污染物的后向轨迹。结果表明:1) 此次过程的首要污染物为PM2.5,空气质量呈东部劣于西部,市内劣于市郊的特点。AQI有明显的日变化特征,凌晨和上午10时各有一个AQI高峰,傍晚有一个AQI低谷,中午前后为AQI明显下降时段。2) 地面气压梯度小、风速小,不利于污染物的扩散。对流层中层有低槽东移,低层有弱切变线位于江西省北部,低层弱辐合导致周边污染物向中心辐合堆积。地面能见度与相对湿度变化呈反相关,在重度污染天气发生时多为雾和霾的混合物。南昌上空表现为“中层湿、低层干”的特点,在较干的低层有等温层和弱的逆温层,能抑制大气污染物的垂直扩散。3) 此次重度污染天气过程的大气污染物来源主要有三个,即南昌市周边环境污染、本地污染源的排放和大气污染物的外来输入,外来输入源主要为广东、广西及湖南上空的大气污染物。
Abstract:
      Based on the observation meteorological data and atmospheric pollution observation data, the air pollutants, weather situation and meteorological parameters of a heavy air pollution process occurred in Nanchang during Nov 7-8, 2017 were discussed, and the air pollutant backward trajectory was analyzed by HYSPLIT. The results showed that the main pollutant during this process was PM2.5. The air quality in the east was worse than that in the west, and the air quality in the city was worse than in the suburbs. AQI presented obvious diurnal variation characteristics. The AQI peak appeared in the small hours and at 10 a.m, and an AQI valley occurred at dusk. AQI decreased significantly around noon. The surface pressure gradient and wind speed were small, which was not propitious to pollutants diffusion . In the middle layer there was a low trough moving eastward, and a weak shear line located in northern Jiangxi with high humidity in the low layer. The weak convergence in low layer resulted in the accumulation of surrounding pollutants. The ground visibility and relative humidity presented a negative correlation, and a mixture of fog and haze can be found in the severe polluted weather. In this process, Nanchang was characterized by “wet in middle layer and dry in low layer”. There was an isothermal layer and a weak inversion layer in low layer, which can inhibit the vertical diffusion of air pollutants. The main sources of air pollutants in this process included the environmental pollution around Nanchang, the emission of local pollution source and the external pollution source. The external pollution source was mainly from Hunan, Guangdong and Guangxi.
主办单位:江西省气象学会 单位地址:南昌市高新开发区艾溪湖二路323号
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