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doi:  10.12013/qxyjzyj2019-016
一次伴有尾随层状云类MCS强降水过程结构特征

Structural characteristics of a heavy precipitation process with tracing stratiform cloud MCS in Wuhan
摘要点击 1208  全文点击 413  投稿时间:2019-04-12  修订日期:2019-05-24
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基金:  湖北省气象科技发展基金(编号:2018Z03,2017Y02);2018年科研业务项目“分类强对流天气识别预警”
中文关键词:  强降水,尾随层状云类MCS,地面辐合线,冷池
英文关键词:  heavy precipitation  rainfall echo of following stratiform clouds  surface convergence line  cold pool
     
作者中文名作者英文名单位
李双君Li Shuangjun武汉中心气象台
王孝慈Wang Xiaoci武汉中心气象台
引用:李双君,王孝慈.2019,一次伴有尾随层状云类MCS强降水过程结构特征[J].气象与减灾研究,42(2):96-104
中文摘要:
      利用常规观测资料、多普勒天气雷达资料及NCEP再分析资料,对2018年5月18日湖北省中东部地区一次尾随层状云类中尺度对流系统(MCS)的雷达回波特征和地面中尺度系统演变特征进行了分析。结果表明:1)短波槽东移南压,引导冷空气南下,与副热带高压外侧强劲的西南暖湿急流长时间在湖北省中东部地区交汇,形成有利于诱发MCS的大尺度环流背景;2)强降水的主要发生时段集中于尾随层状云降水回波对流线形成的初始阶段和成熟阶段,强雨团主要位于对流线附近及层状云降水回波头部,同时伴有雷暴大风天气;3)西南涡的发展为尾随层状云类MCS高效降水产生提供有利的环境场,边界层中尺度辐合线在对流的触发、发展、组织的过程中起到重要的作用,地形的抬升作用及阻挡作用,使MCS持续发展,同时,MCS后部“冷池”能量累积溢出形成雷暴冷出流与环境南风辐合,不断激发新的MCS;4)对流线附近存在明显的上升气流,环境风入流提供了充足的水汽供应,其前侧、后方分别有一支不同高度的下沉气流(出流或入流),并与环境风辐合,使MCS向前持续发展,并在后方不断激发新的MCS,造成较长时间的强降水。
Abstract:
      Based on the conventional observation data, Doppler weather radar data and NCEP reanalysis data, the radar echo characteristics and the evolution characteristics of surface mesoscale system of MCS following stratiform clouds in the central and eastern part of Hubei province on May 18, 2018 were analyzed in detail. The main causes of high intensity precipitation caused by MCS were summarized as follows: 1) The short wave trough moved eastward and southward to guide the cold air. The long term convergence of the southwest warm wet jet outside the subtropical high over the central and eastern part of Hubei Province was favorable for inducing the MCS large scale circulation background; 2) The main occurrence period of heavy precipitation was concentrated in the initial and mature stages of the formation of the convection line following the stratiform cloud precipitation echo,and the heavy rain mass was mainly located near the convection line and the head of the stratiform cloud precipitation echo,accompanied with the thunderstorm and gale weather; 3) The development of southwest eddy provided favorable environmental field for the generation of high efficiency precipitation of MCS following stratiform clouds, the mesoscale convergence line of boundary layer played an important role in the triggering, development and organization of convection, the uplifting and blocking of topography made the sustainable development of MCS, and the cumulative overflow of energy of “cold pool” behind MCS formed thunderstorm cold outflow. Convergence with the south wind of the environment constantly stimulates new MCS; 4) There was an obvious updraft near the convection line, and the inflow of the environment wind provided sufficient water vapor supply. A downdrafts (outflow/inflow) at different heights in the front and rear of the convection line converged with the environment wind stimulated MCS to develop forward and generated continuously in the rear, and resulted in heavy precipitation for a long time.
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